Cyert, R. M., & Goodman, P. S. (1997). Journal of Management Studies, 0000188193 00000 n Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. Bringing together this literature on knowledge transfer enabled us to develop a stylised model that shows how different characteristics of knowledge transfer relate in the context of academic engagement (Fig. Firms indicated that different logics remained problematic for the development of useful interaction with universities, but that this disadvantage was outweighed by the benefits of the collaboration (Morandi 2013). Scandinavian Journal of Management, This can result in more ambiguity and less trust in that the partner will do what is right for you. Please enable it to take advantage of the complete set of features! There were only six journals in which we found more than 1 paper, three of those had published two papers and three published three papers. Universityindustry collaboration: A CoPs approach to KTPs. To find literature that discusses knowledge transfer we first identified the factors that affect knowledge transfer in inter-organizational collaboration. The logic of tacit inference. Reflecting on the challenges of choosing and using a grounded theory approach. 2006) indicates that epistemic differences can be reduced by strong organizational routines. To which Daghfouss (2004) adds that systematic learning in relation to management skills does not significantly increase learning capabilities. The extent to which cultural differences affect academic engagement is unclear, even as the role of experience to reduce this barrier. 18(3), 282306. The relevance of cultural differences for UI collaborations is confirmed by research from Bruneel et al. %%EOF 2014 Nov;22(2):16-22. doi: 10.7748/nr.22.2.16.e1272. 2007; Hadjimanolis 2006; Pinheiro et al. 2012). To align goals, projects often start with a project plan, which allocates tasks and responsibilities and milestones in detail (Barnes et al. 38(4), 486508. 2011;18(4):6-10. doi: 10.7748/nr2011.07.18.4.6.c8636. The authors concluded that classic grounded theory principles were appropriate in the context of their doctoral study. We noticed that cultural differences is used as an aggregated term for different goals, organizational and managerial differences and epistemic norms. Tel: 914-674-7350; Fax: 914-674-7351; Web site: http://ger.mercy.edu. 2014; Plewa et al. 2013), factors that affect collaboration but did not focus on academic engagement, its management or knowledge transfer (Ankrah and AL-Tabbaa 2015; Agrawal 2001), tried to define academic engagement (Perkmann and Walsh 2007) or discussed policies (Hagedoorn 2002; Hagedoorn et al. A dynamic theory of organizational knowledge creation. Mowery, D. C., & Nelson, R. R. (2004). L0dR'QL')t4V3Le*WM ?ESAPbY{OslJ>=X_^y9|>akE%Xm|Q{7nJYwY?,I4Sv-R~,gt]31)qSEi_\WazUX@8Y[,jlLc_D|,U*2Tz1F2ac?z~]UU=*|V=&t+~j!kw[Hk) https://www.definitions.net/definition/extant+literature. Researchers who consider using results from this paper should be aware of the fact, that the qualitative nature of most research papers we used in this review, the small samples in both case study and quantitative studies we reviewed, and the sample bias of the selected cases in these studies (discussing only one sector, one university or a single research collaboration) might influence the validity of results we discussed. qbl=[P1\Gu6/a *y.lm*9;]/7!6k 5 ne*~1W'm$= T&;zDqp!q6GsF6>{GQUb#N`M>WR:ekR'U}gcc8A]&$iGCT"O^hl;+% Furthermore, experience with academic engagement in general and the specific partner in particular will build understanding for the needs of industry and the particular partner more specifically. From the Cambridge English Corpus Generalizations from the extant literature about parental influences are based mainly on studies of parents and children where assessments are concurrent. @L>SG|Ah]tKVss-_ N We aim to contribute to the theoretical development in the field of academic engagement and propose that knowledge transfer provides a valuable perspective. The .gov means its official. 2001; Philbin 2008; Plewa et al. This study combined results from 75 papers on knowledge transfer to re-evaluate previous quantitative findings from inter- and intra-organizational studies. Trust and communication help to overcome both, cognitive differences and differences in goals. Research Policy, Academic engagement and commercialisation: A review of the literature on universityindustry relations. You may be able to access teaching notes by logging in via your Emerald profile. Bjerregaard (2010) and Bruneel et al. 0000122894 00000 n If they are regularly updated they help to keep goals and research work aligned. Al-Tabbaa, O., & Ankrah, S. (2016). Journal of Technology Transfer, The use of prototypes to show underlying relations can help to manage ambiguity. This paper identifies practices that can facilitate knowledge transfer in universityindustry (UI) research partnerships by systematically reviewing extant literature. In collaborations with low engagement the firm is seen as data source, while all research activities are controlled and conducted by the academic partner. 1077 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<22E3C1F6DE70034A8FEE0FAACABEF336><2C1749C03B6AF048B38588F3D32BB5B9>]/Index[1062 26]/Info 1061 0 R/Length 79/Prev 158736/Root 1063 0 R/Size 1088/Type/XRef/W[1 2 1]>>stream Agrawal, A. K. (2001). 2014). We can identify a number of avenues for future research into knowledge transfer related to academic engagement. Such mobility can be limited by organizational differences (Galan-Muros and Plewa 2016). (2008) identified absorptive capacity and ambiguity as important factors. 2013a). 2015; Sandberg et al. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Trust and tie-strength were identified as important facilitators. Small and medium enterprises collaborations with universities for new product development: An analysis of the different phases. Based on extant definitions, we develop a conceptual definition of DT as "a process that aims to improve an entity by triggering . While research by (Corley et al. In this paper we aim to map extant knowledge and perspectives on knowledge transfer in academic engagement through a systematic literature review. Journal of Knowledge Management, HT_o0S-c;IRmlJP"&SOsB;i}9g.p)W;Y[FF. In our view, an increased understanding of when informal or formal management mechanisms are used is needed. 2012). Knowledge acquisition in UniversityIndustry alliances: An empirical investigation from a learning theory perspective. 2016). The paper concludes with a discussion of the implications of the findings, reviewed for policymakers and researchers, and a list of remaining research topics in the field of charter school research. Also, the literature mainly focuses on problems in the implementation phase. Researchers are expected to put sufficient effort into understanding the needs of the industrial partner; this becomes especially important during the engagement phase (Canhoto et al. To identify the inter-organizational factors we used a paper by Van Wijk et al. 2014). Universityindustry linkage evolution: An empirical investigation of relational success factors. The second important factor that influences knowledge absorption, is differences in knowledge background, referred to as cognitive and epistemic difference. 5(1), 1437. Given that these factors relate to differences in knowledge background and the complexity of knowledge we included all research that discussed differences in knowledge background and knowledge characteristics. These suggestions are based on open questions we encountered during our analysis and inconsistencies between the results in the papers discussed here. An empirical investigation of the roles of prior knowledge and learning activities in technology transfer. This could be due to a difference in focus, as Ankrah and AL-Tabbaa (2015) focus on negotiations in the pre-collaboration phase and their data included many results related to academic entrepreneurship, while the papers we analysed focus on the execution of the project and research partnerships. u Emv4] P[,rFR,qXa@spH?RL4g Thereafter, it identifies the gaps and provides directions for further research. xref We start with a general discussion on knowledge flows in academic engagement. Trust in UI collaboration is affected by two things. Appointing a single person from both organizations as a liaison has therefore been recommended (Morandi 2013). 8600 Rockville Pike 2002; Ghauri and Rosendo-Rios 2016; Morandi 2013; Wallin et al. Trust is positively influenced by tie strength and shared goals, and negatively by ambiguity and organizational differences. 2016). (1996) call it, irrational. 0000174773 00000 n Secondly, the literature that focusses on knowledge transfer and management of such collaborations is scarce. Since 2006 research into academic engagement is increasing (Perkmann et al. Secondly, trust is mainly researched in quantitative research in relation to general collaboration success. government site. Powell, W. W., Koput, K. W., & Smith-Doerr, L. (1996). (2001). Send us feedback about these examples. Saparito, P. A., Chen, C. C., & Sapienza, H. J. RayyanA web and mobile app for systematic reviews. Investigating the factors that diminish the barriers to universityindustry collaboration. 2016). (2002). Attending to the noted significance of "context" in IT resistance, we carried out this review to understand how the "context" of healthcare in the extant HIT resistance literature has been studied. 10(1), 173187. Such integration would increase the understanding of the underlying mechanisms. Schartinger, D., Rammer, C., Fischer, M. M., & Frhlich, J. Extant. Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/extant. Zhu and Hawk (2015) show how academics at Stanford University and MIT (Michigan Institute for Technology) managed to maintain their academic freedom. Knowledge transfer in universityindustry research partnerships: a review. Extant literature identified knowledge differences and differences in goals resulting from different institutional cultures as important barriers to knowledge transfer. European Journal of Innovation Management, Estrada et al. (2013) found that literature on academic engagement was mainly published after 2006. endstream endobj startxref de Wit-de Vries, E., Dolfsma, W.A., van der Windt, H.J. We noticed that three reoccurring practices are important for rich communication practices: boundary spanners (Al-Tabbaa and Ankrah 2016; Barnes et al. First, we excluded papers that focus solely on entrepreneurial activities like patenting, liaison offices, science-hubs and other intermediary organisations. Slider with three articles shown per slide. Therefore, we changed the search strategy to an approach in which we used broad Boolean search strings to identify papers on academic engagement from which we manually selected the ones that discuss research partnerships in relation to knowledge transfer. Qualitative research; grounded theory; grounded theory methodology; literature review; research proposal. Therefore, the following section describes our method in detail. This is also confirmed by the papers in our review, which show a very informal management style, based on high levels of trust. Hence, ambiguity is negatively related to knowledge transfer and hard to resolve without on the job training (Van Wijk et al. However, arranging IP too early in the collaboration might negatively influence trust between partners (Canhoto et al. 25(4), 4557. 2009 Aug;18(16):2251-60. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2702.2008.02684.x. The Journal of Technology Transfer, To what extent might the strengths, weaknesses, limitations, and delimitations A systematic review of the literature, The multi-level process of trust and learning in universityindustry innovation collaborations, Energizing collaborative industry-academia learning: a present case and future visions, Academic engagement with industry: the role of research quality and experience. 45(4), 830853. A more structured approach is required which distinguishes between the effects of single attributes of cultural differences and their effect on collaboration success and knowledge transfer. Cultural differences and differences in goals were also identified by van Wijk et al. 0000136159 00000 n From the Cambridge English Corpus Cross Cultural and Strategic Management, 0000174604 00000 n 2013b). Liyanage, S., & Mitchell, H. (1994). Additionally, academic knowledge and expertise is valued higher than industrial knowledge. While trust is used to express the reliability of a partner (Hansen 1999). Because industrial partners lack the time to dive into the data and feel unequipped to participate truly in the academic debate (McCabe et al. Facilitators of knowledge transfer in universityindustry collaborations: A knowledge-based perspective. 0000016254 00000 n This is problematic as it makes it hard to understand the cause-effect relations of the individual aspects of cultural differences on knowledge transfer. 2011; Wallin et al. Yet the trust scales used most frequently in the papers we reviewed are the ones intended for analysing business-to-business relations, developed by Saparito et al. Research Policy, Bruneel, J., DEste, P., & Salter, A. On the other hand, it would be interesting to gain greater insight into what knowledge academics require from firms, to enables them to provide relevant results and manage the knowledge needs of the firm. Knowledge interactions between universities and industry in Austria: Sectoral patterns and determinants. Yet, as surmised by Fink (2009), "A research literature review is a systematic, explicit, and reproducible method for identifying, evaluating, and synthesizing the existing body of completed and recorded work produced by researchers, scholars, and practitioners" [emphasis added] (p. 3). Measuring the performance of research collaborations. Drawing up project plans and the use of management tools can help to make differences in goals visible over the course of the project. The ease with which knowledge is transferred depends on the characteristics of knowledge, similarities in knowledge background and knowledge management capabilities. The channels for communication during engagement are diverse and differ in their ability to transfer tacit knowledge and to deal with differences in knowledge backgrounds (Alexander and Childe 2013). 36(3), 316339. In practice, the role of the industrial partner in data analysis and theory development is limited, even in deep collaborations. We're doing our best to make sure our content is useful, accurate and safe.If by any chance you spot an inappropriate comment while navigating through our website please use this form to let us know, and we'll take care of it shortly. A classic approach avoids a pre-study literature review to minimise preconceptions and emphasises the constant comparison method, while the Straussian and constructivist approaches focus more on the beneficial aspects of an initial literature review and researcher reflexivity. 2016). Plewa, C., Korff, N., Johnson, C., Macpherson, G., Baaken, T., & Rampersad, G. C. (2013b). Ulhi et al. Doctoral students on the universityindustry interface: A review of the literature. We also identified the most relevant factors and practices for the mitigation of these differences. Effective universityindustry interaction: A multi-case evaluation of collaborative R&D projects. 0000175131 00000 n 2011; Morandi 2013). 2016). In spite of that, they are frequently mentioned as barrier, they are not well researched. Thune, T. (2009). 2012; Wang and Lu 2007) or (Ph.D.) students that do part of their research at the firm (Gertner et al. Finally, we identified questions for future research based on inconsistencies in extant research and open questions we encountered during our analysis. 2012). These plans are rarely updated as the work develops and they soon become obsolete. 0000189449 00000 n In adopting this focus we follow a developing interest in organization science that seeks a detailed understanding of what is actually done, or the micro-level, and how to make sense of those activities (Nicolini 2009). ture This thesaurus page includes all potential synonyms, words with the same meaning and similar terms for the word extant literature. [Challenges of the grounded theory approach to a novice researcher]. 0000175068 00000 n 58(5), 637651. The entrepreneurial university and individual motivations. 2015). 1087 0 obj <>stream Shared goals are needed to reach a common understanding of the desired output and the interpretation of results (Tsai and Ghoshal 1998). In a CA, authors examine the main concepts, ideas and relationships of an issue presented by the extant literature, provide a critique, and in several cases, offer research propositions or a framework for future analysis. There is no extant literature in the English language in this era. Muscio, A., & Pozzali, A. We therefore included literature that discussed these factors, but also other forms of relational capital. 2015). Review methods: 2002; Gertner et al. Interorganizational collaboration and the locus of innovation: Networks of learning in biotechnology. Santoro, M. D., & Gopalakrishnan, S. (2001). Additionally, we identify open questions for future research. Nicolini, D. (2009). 0000019218 00000 n As explained in Templier and Par (2015), there are six generic steps involved in conducting a review article: formulating the research question(s) and objective(s), searching the extant literature, screening for inclusion, assessing the quality of primary studies, extracting data, and . Journal of Technology Management in China, Furthermore, trust influences the formalization of communication. 2014). Academic engagement, after all, aims to develop novel knowledge that benefits the academic and industrial partner. To improve our understanding of the strategy implementation process, and to promote its inclusion in strategy research, the authors systematically review and synthesize findings in the extant. The latter can be prevented by providing secrecy training and using a split management strategy.