However, over the last two decades region specific PROs that represent the three key body regions, of the upper limb, lower limb and spine have been used more frequently in the assessment of a musculoskeletal patients functional status [5]. Manage cookies/Do not sell my data we use in the preference centre. doi: 10.23750/abm.v93i5.13417. Yang, E.J. Editors Choice articles are based on recommendations by the scientific editors of MDPI journals from around the world. Wiley: Chichester; 2000. 0 Clinicians may assess the upper limbs after breast cancer. Med Care. 0000074860 00000 n Project administration: A.I.C.-V., C.R.-J., B.P.-H. and E.A.-C. Conceptualization and methodology: A.I.C.-V. and C.R.-J. Zero represents no pain/disability, and 10 represents the worst pain imaginable/severe disability for each item. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2012,42(2):5665. The Upper Extremity Functional Index (UEFI) [32] which is criticized due to it development methodology using a specific workers population in a small data set with a high average age [6, 8]. In most cases Physiopedia articles are a secondary source and so should not be used as references. The Neck and Upper Limb Index (NULI) [36] which has been demonstrated as having item-redundancy from excessive internal consistency [8] and development concerns [37]. Work 2012. Fayers PM, Machin D, Quality of Life: Assessment, Analysis and Interpretation of Patient-reported Outcomes. 2 It has also Patient reported outcome (PRO) measures [1, 2] are primarily used to objectively reflect a patients health or functional status at any given time and to detect changes in this status as a response to an intervention [3]. 0000139515 00000 n The translation process ensured the conceptual equivalence of the used terms. stream All participants gave written informed consent before data collection began. CAS Int J Environ Res Public Health. Arooj, A.; Amjad, F.; Tanveer, F.; Arslan, A.U. Hidding, J.T. The aim is to provide a snapshot of some of the 90 The Upper Limb Functional Index (ULFI) is an internationally widely used outcome measure with robust, valid psychometric properties. If you believe that this Physiopedia article is the primary source for the information you are refering to, you can use the button below to access a related citation statement. 0000074054 00000 n J Prosthet Orthot 2009, 21: 8389. All questionnaires were completed and two assessors performed the initial and any subsequent assessments, but were blinded to baseline scores in order to ensure independent collection of outcome data. That is usually the journal article where the information was first stated. -, Cella D, Yount S, Rothrock N, Gershon R, Cook K, Reeve B, Ader D, Fries JF, Bruce B, Rose M. PROMIS Cooperative Group. Draw your signature, type it, upload its image, or use your mobile device as a signature pad. Factors Associated with Upper Limb Function in Breast Cancer Survivors. Changes in Unilateral Upper Limb Muscular Strength and Electromyographic Activity After a 16-Week Strength Training Intervention in Survivors of Breast Cancer. ^o_on/* G jTIr.1Urc~cz"SJ v8;' g /TF!o-+zlTuRYf.~?E=. The purpose of study is to develop and validate a ULFI Spanish-version (ULFI-Sp). 0000081478 00000 n Ann Readapt Med Phys 2004,47(6):389395. ; van der Windt, D.A.W.M. California Privacy Statement, CAS Feature papers represent the most advanced research with significant potential for high impact in the field. Today, do you or would you have any difficulty at all with: Today, do you or would you have any difficulty at all with: Upper Extremity Functional Scale . This consisted of a payment for the author, CRJ, as a physical therapist in the assessment. methods, instructions or products referred to in the content. Baltimore, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. << /Length 5 0 R /Filter /FlateDecode >> This comparative analysis in separate studies has provided scope to suggest the ULFI was preferred to the criterion tools of the DASH [6, 17, 38], UEFS [6] and QuickDASH [7, 26] due to a combination of enhanced psychometric and practical characteristics. See this image and copyright information in PMC. Harrington, S.; Michener, L.A.; Kendig, T.; Miale, S.; George, S.Z. ; Hutchings, H.A. The Validation of a Quality of Life Scale to Assess the Impact of Arm Morbidity in Breast Cancer Patients Post-Operatively. You are accessing a machine-readable page. Polish Cross-Cultural Adaptation of the Lower Limb Functional Index (LLFI) Demonstrates a Valid Outcome Measure for the Lower Limb Region and Joints. This site needs JavaScript to work properly. ; Roldn-Jimnez, C. Validation of the Upper Limb Functional Index on Breast Cancer Survivor. 0000153714 00000 n MeSH http://www.proqolid.org/instruments/upper_limb_functional_index_ulfi?fromSearch=yes&text=yes, Paises de habla hispana promueven uso del espaol en la ONU. Internal consistency analysis showed a level of 0.94 that sits below the accepted 0.95 thresholds for item reducndancy [20]. 10.1097/JPO.0b013e3181ae974d, Fayad F, Mace Y, Lefevre-Colau MM, Poiraudeau S, Rannou F, Revel M: Measurement of shoulder disability in the athlete: a systematic review [In French]. The UEFI is able to distinguish improved patients from stable patients (AUC 0.88, 95% CI 0.81 to 0.94) with a sensitivity of 0.73 and a specicity of 0.92, and 23 self-report items with 3 subscales: pain (9 items), disability (9 items) and activity limitation (5 items) Each item is rated on a 0 - 10 Likert scale. 0000158137 00000 n Phys Ther 2012,92(1):98110. and transmitted securely. 0000155635 00000 n 0000095718 00000 n Cuesta-Vargas, A.I. Psychometric Development of the Upper Limb Lymphedema Quality of Life Questionnaire Demonstrated the Patient-Reported Outcome Measure to Be a Robust Measure for Breast Cancer-Related Lymphedema. Jill M. Binkley, Paul Stratford, Stephanie Kirkpatrick,Clara R. Farley, Joel Okoli, Sheryl Gabram Estimating the Reliability and Validity of the Upper Extremity Functional Index in Women After Breast Cancer Surgery. 10.1197/j.jht.2006.04.001, Gabel CP, Michener LA, Melloh M, Burkett B: Modification of the Upper Limb Functional Index to a Three-point Response Improves Clinimetric Properties. 0000004613 00000 n No special PubMedGoogle Scholar. ; Mayer, D.K. Qual Life Res 1995, 4: 491. Check out the 12 tools and questionnaires you should use to assess the upper limb in neurorehabilitation such as . It was noted that four factors had Eigenvalues >1.0 and accounted for 85.8% of variance; however those with an Eigenvalue >1.0 each accounted for <10% of variance and were shown to be after the screeplot initial inflection point (Figure2) and consequently not extracted. 0000070007 00000 n ULFI-Sp showed a high internal consistency for the total score ( = 0.916) and the regression score obtained from MLE ( = 0.996). 1. eCollection 2023 Jan. Phys Ther. The ULFI was translated to provide a cross-cultural adaptation to the Spanish language. 0000079311 00000 n The correlation between the ULFI total score and the regression score obtained from the one-factor solution MLE was also high ( = 0.996). The upper limb functional index is broadly used outcome measure for musculoskeletal disorders of the upper limb. The psychometric properties were as follows: analysis of the factor structure by maximum likelihood extraction (MLE), internal consistency, and construct validity by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Construct validity and factor structure were determined through the use of questionnaire principal component analysis (PCA) with the a-priori requirements for extraction being the satisfaction of all three points: screeplot inflection point, Eigenvalue>1.0 and accounting for >10% of variance. Careers. 0000155264 00000 n Epub 2014 Nov 8. 0000153822 00000 n 10.1016/j.jht.2008.11.005. 2001;53:25967. Though various region specific PROs have been used to assess upper-limb functional status, it is accepted that there is no gold standard [8, 1012]. Design and Implementation of a Standard Care Programme of Therapeutic Exercise and Education for Breast Cancer Survivors. The KaiserMeyerOklin test determined the correlation matrix (0.889) for the ULFI-Sp in female BCS and the Bartletts Test of Sphericity (chi-squared value = 2087.167 and df 300, The ULFI-Sp showed a high degree consistency, as illustrated by the high Cronbach value ( = 0.916) with an individual item range between 0.868 and 0.875. Larsson, I.L. Longitudinal validity was determined by the association (Pearson's r) between function and pain change scores (Time 1-Time 3). ; Beurskens, C.H.G. However, CFAs factor analysis revealed a poor fit, and a new 14-item model was tested from those items with higher communalities (, The original version of the ULFI-Sp has a high internal consistency ( = 0.94) validated in patients with variable alterations of the upper limb [, Similarly, reduced versions of DASH (30 items), QuickDASH (11 items), and QuickDASH of 9 items (QuickDASH-9) have been developed in patients with upper limb musculoskeletal conditions [, One of the strengths of the present study was that factor analysis by CFA was tested. The developed short version of the ULFI-SP is preferable to assess upper limb function in Spanish BCS. Article Adv Orthop 2012, 273421: 10. 0000072370 00000 n CFA revealed a poor fit, and a new 14-item model (short version) was further tested. Item scores range from 0 to 4, 0 indicates extreme difficulty while 4 indicates no difficulty with a task and the total score is a total of the item scores. ; Stratford, P.; Kirkpatrick, S.; Farley, C.R. A Prospective Study. Type text, add images, blackout confidential details, add comments, highlights and more. The primary objective of this aspect of the study was to perform a translation that can ensure the conceptual equivalence of the used terms. eCollection 2023 Jan. Tudini F, Levine D, Healy M, Jordon M, Chui K. Front Pain Res (Lausanne). The 15-item was developed to fit the Rasch analysis and it has been recommended because it's unidimensional. The 15-item LEFS-Ar demonstrated evidence supporting its internal consistency, test-retest reliability and construct validity as a measure of lower extremity function in Arabic-speaking patients with lower extremity musculoskeletal disorders. All articles published by MDPI are made immediately available worldwide under an open access license. Psychometrika 1951, 16: 297334. Roldn-Jimnez, C.; Pajares, B.; Ruiz-Medina, S.; Trinidad-Fernndez, M.; Gonzlez-Snchez, M.; Ribelles, N.; Garca-Almeida, J.M. Prevalence of Breast Cancer Treatment Sequelae over 6 Years of Follow-up: The Pulling Through Study. % ; de Boer, M.R. A Modified QuickDASH-9 Provides a Valid Outcome Instrument for Upper Limb Function. ; Ros-Lpez, M.J.; Roldn-Jimnez, C. Energy System Assessment in Survivors of Breast Cancer. We use cookies on our website to ensure you get the best experience. Known-groups validity was evaluated with a one-way ANOVA across three levels of working status. Clinical data were collected on the years since diagnosis, type of surgical intervention (breast-conserving or mastectomy), type of adjuvant treatment (radiotherapy, chemotherapy, hormone therapy, or monoclonal antibody), and current treatment (none, radiotherapy, monoclonal antibody, or hormone therapy). . 0000157145 00000 n Bethesda, MD 20894, Web Policies -. Methods: A two stage observational study was conducted. The factor structure has not been consistently shown as one-dimensional [7, 2628], which raises concerns on its validity; and it has been found to underestimate symptoms and overestimate disability [29]. You seem to have javascript disabled. The UEFI is addressed to patients diagnosed with orthopaedic conditions that affect the upper limb (shoulder, elbow, wrist or hand). The authors are grateful to the volunteers for their participation and the PMDT, Malaga. The QuickDASH, as derived from 11extracted DASH items, has also been challenged. 0000153258 00000 n Paper should be a substantial original Article that involves several techniques or approaches, provides an outlook for Clin in Plastic Surg 2008, 35: 239250. ; Dekker, J.; Bouter, L.M. 0000072523 00000 n Internal consistency of the scale items was determined from Cronbach's coefficients as calculated at an anticipated value range of 0.80-0.95 [20, 45]. J Hand Ther 2009,22(3):221236. Conclusions: The one-factor solution that emerged in the factor analysis accounted for a significant proportion of variance and showed evidence that supports the presence of construct validity. Smoot, B.; Paul, S.M. 0000076764 00000 n Please provide an answer for each activity. An official website of the United States government. Franchignoni F, Giordano A, Sartorio F, Vercelli S, Pascariello B, Ferriero G. Suggestions for refinement of the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand Outcome Measure (DASH): a factor analysis and Rasch validation study.To perform a comprehensive psychometric analysis of Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) to examine its properties and provide insights for an improved . Garratt, A. Chicago: Scientific Software International; 2007. The intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) and minimal detectable change (MDC) quantified test-retest reliability (Time 1-Time 2). 0000156486 00000 n Mthodes : Les adultes ayant une dysfonction des membres suprieurs (MS) ont rpondu au questionnaire IFMS-20, aux questionnaires de l'chelle fonctionnelle des membres suprieurs (EFMS), de l'chelle de limitation de la douleur et de l'chelle de l'intensit de la douleur au cours de leurs premires valuations en physiothrapie (moment 1); de 24 48 heures plus tard (moment 2) et 3 semaines aprs le dbut du traitement ou le cong, selon l'chance la plus rapproche (moment 3). 0000077003 00000 n The Upper Limb Functional Index (ULFI) is an internationally widely used outcome measure with robust, valid psychometric properties. Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. TheEQ-5D-3L was used to clarify the participants health status and provide a criterion standard for health comparison. Quality Criteria Were Proposed for Measurement Properties of Health Status Questionnaires. Int J Environ Res Public Health. The normative values from ULFI-Sp score were mean and standard deviation of 5.885.6 points. Bartlett, M.G. Accessibility Public Health 2023, 20, 4997. 0000154353 00000 n Patient reported outcome measures in trials, Editorial. 2023 Feb 24;14:989403. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2023.989403. 10.1016/j.math.2008.01.013, Franchignoni F, Ferriero G, Giordano A, Sartorio F, Vercelli S, Brigatti E: Psychometric properties of QuickDASH - A classical test theory and Rasch analysis study. 0000082479 00000 n Antonio I. Cuesta-Vargas and Phillip C Gabel participated in the analysis and interpretation of data and were involved in drafting the manuscript or revising it critically for important intellectual content. Ethical clearance was approved by the Tribunal of Review of Human Subjects at the University of Malaga. Patient Reported Outcome Measures in Trials. A questionnaire must provide a single-factor structure so that it can be summated to provide a single or summary score. SK =Q!E%J&AX-qU]pUY(E_e w2R[^&7J2,b{_'/4ThAO)^"l4!)|^#PIG7~HLId&QeEy.f/p%DT/Yzp3q7 Arooj A, Amjad F, Tanveer F, Arslan AU, Ahmad A, Gilani SA. ; Bartlett, M.S. The ULFI has also been accepted by the international PRO database [39] PROQUOLID. Methods: Physiopedia articles are best used to find the original sources of information (see the references list at the bottom of the article). Garratt A: Patient reported outcome measures in trials, Editorial. A Prospective Surveillance Model for Physical Rehabilitation of Women with Breast Cancer: Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy. Gabel, C.P. Distribution and normality were determined by one-sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests (significance >0.05). 0000155991 00000 n ; Marshall, P.W.M. ; Jnsson, C.; Olsson, A.C.; Gard, G.; Johansson, K. Womens Experience of Physical Activity Following Breast Cancer Treatment. The questionnaire reliability was high ( = 0.93). The authors declare no conflict of interest. 8600 Rockville Pike Davis, L.E. Modification of the Upper Limb Functional Index to a Three-Point Response Improves Clinimetric Properties. A shortened version of the FMA-EU, which includes 6 . Schermelleh-Engel, K.; Moosbrugger, H.; Mller, H. Evaluating the Fit of Structural Equation Models: Tests of Significance and Descriptive Goodness-of-Fit Measures. Bone Joint Surg Am 2012,94(3):277285. 0000079974 00000 n 2002;5:372381. Fayers PM, Machin D, et al. Psychometric properties of the Chinese (Cantonese) version of the Upper Extremity Functional Index in people with chronic stroke. 0000109694 00000 n https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20064997, Subscribe to receive issue release notifications and newsletters from MDPI journals, You can make submissions to other journals. Development and validation of the Upper Extremity Function Scale. Editors select a small number of articles recently published in the journal that they believe will be particularly J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil 2010, 23: 105110. The demographic and frequency of diagnosis of the study sample are detailed in Table1. Cella, D.; Yount, S.; Rothrock, N.; Gershon, R.; Cook, K.; Reeve, B.; Ader, D.; Fries, J.F. PubMed (Gor-Garca-Fogeda et al. Purpose: Qual Life Res 2009,18(8):10431051. Reliability and validity of two versions of the upper extremity functional index. Upper Limb Disorders (ULDs) are highly prevalent even years after a diagnosis. However the DASH has [18] excessive internal consistency, with a documented Cronbach Alpha value >0.95 [6, 8, 12, 19], the recognized upper limit for item redundancy or the presence of too many items being too similar to enable a valid change to be detected [20]. 10.5014/ajot.2011.000794, Franchignoni F, Giordano A, Sartorio F, Vercelli S, Pascariello B, Ferriero G: Suggestions for refinement of the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand Outcome Measure (DASH): a factor analysis and Rasch validation study. The mean values and standard deviation in the ULFI-Sp questionnaire in breast cancer survivors were 71.66 21.57%. On a runi des donnes dmographiques, y compris sur leur tat de travailleur, au cours du moment 1. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript. The PubMed wordmark and PubMed logo are registered trademarks of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). The determined values were satisfactory and supportive of the findings of the ULFI as a 3-point scale, particularly in the areas of internal consistency, factor structure and reliability. The Upper Extremity Functional Index (UEFI): cross-cultural adaptation, reliability, and validity of the Turkish version. In the same study, the longitudinal validity coefficient between the UEFI and the UEFS was 0.74. 0000083640 00000 n The one-factor solution that emerged in the factor analysis accounted for 60.54% of the total variance. Flowchart of the translation of the Upper Limb Functional Index (ULFI) from English. It cannot be influenced by other constructs such as psychological or emotional status [24, 25]. Stubblefield, M.D. Conclusion . The total score was accounted for, not the individual questionnaire response items. 0000157982 00000 n analysis was performed as described by Stratford [32]. Ethical approval of the present study was obtained from the Portal de tica de la Investigacin Biomdica de Andaluca Ethics Committee, Spain (28042016). PMC The EQ-5D-3L has been demonstrated as valid and reliable in the Spanish population [42]. Kass RA, Tinsley HEA: Factor analysis. There are currently two versions of the upper extremity functional index; UEFI 20-item and UEFI 15-item. 10.1016/j.cps.2007.10.001. Translation, cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the Upper Limb Functional Index (ULFI) into Brazilian Portuguese in patients with chronic upper limb musculoskeletal disorders. , are consistently defined [6, 7, 26, 38]. Therefore the aims of this paper were: to describe the process of translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the original ULFI to Spanish; and to subsequently assess the four critical psychometric properties of reliability, factor structure, internal consistency, and concurrent criterion validity for clinical use with Spanish speakers. The ULFI-Sp also provides a means of comparing upper limb health state in Spanish-speaking patients with their English-speaking counterparts in countries with a high Spanish population such as the United States. PubMed J Hand Ther 2010,23(1):3139. The study was carried out following the ethical research principles of the Helsinki Declaration of 1964. Cuesta-Vargas, A.I. Am J Occup Ther 2011,65(2):169178. The Upper Limb Functional Index (ULFI) has been validated across different populations and languages. Bejer A, Bie A, Kyc S, Lorenc M, Mataczyski P, Domka-Jopek E, Melloh M, Gabel CP. The ULFI with a three-point option improved both the responsiveness and practicality [7]. 0000098017 00000 n ; Speck, R.M. London: SAGE Publications Ltd; 2005. Clinicians may assess the upper limbs after breast cancer. Cross-Cultural Adaptation, Reliability and Validity of the Spanish Version of the Upper Limb Functional Index. CAS Res. Background The Upper Limb Functional Index (ULFI) is an internationally widely used outcome measure with robust, valid psychometric properties. Res Pract Thromb Haemost. Conclusions: Given the high prevalence of ULD in this population and the broader versions of ULFI across different languages, this study's results may be transferred to clinical practice and integrated as part of upper limb assessment after breast cancer. 0000158978 00000 n Background: The Upper Limb Functional Index (ULFI) is an internationally widely used outcome measure with robust, valid psychometric properties. McPhail SM, Bagraith KS, Schippers M, Wells PJ, Hatton A: Use of Condition Specific Patient-Reported Outcome Measures in Clinical Trials among Patients with Wrist Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review. Finally, factor analysis by CFA was tested in the analyses. Background: The Upper Limb Functional Index (ULFI) is an internationally widely used outcome measure with robust, valid psychometric properties. 0000095773 00000 n The full sample determined internal consistency, concurrent criterion validity, construct validity and factor structure; a subgroup (n=35) determined reliability at seven days. The developed short version of the ULFI-SP is preferable to assess upper limb function in Spanish BCS. 0000073041 00000 n Roldn-Jimnez, C.; Martn-Martn, J.; Pajares, B.; Ribelles, N.; Alba, E.; Cuesta-Vargas, A.I. 2018 Dec;18(6):e1261-e1267. those of the individual author(s) and contributor(s) and not of MDPI and/or the editor(s). Disclaimer/Publishers Note: The statements, opinions and data contained in all publications are solely permission provided that the original article is clearly cited. 0000156965 00000 n FOIA The Upper Limb Functional Index (ULFI) is a recent example of this. 0000095818 00000 n ID?=?6370&criteria1?=?cultura http://www.un.org/spanish/News/fullstorynews.asp?news. ; Abrams, G.; Mastick, J.; et al. The Upper Extremity Functional Index (UEFI) is a 20-item, region-specific PROM initially designed to assess upper extremity function in people with musculoskeletal disorders (17, 18). ; Ahmad, A.; Gilani, S.A. A descriptive statistic of the participants was made with a mean and standard deviation of the demographic variables. Finally, the inclusion of Hispanic/Latino/ South American participants in future studies could potentially provide confirming or conflicting linguistic information due to the cultural and ethnic difference with respect to the Spanish participants. Patient-Reported Upper Extremity Outcome Measures Used in Breast Cancer Survivors: A Systematic Review. Sample size was determined from the previous ULFI studies [7, 8, 26] indicating a minimum of 106 patients were required to ensure an 80% chance of achieving the required statiscal power for concurrent validity, internal consistency and factor structure allowing for 15% attrition (p<0.05) [46]. 0000084740 00000 n A two stage observational study was conducted. BMJ. The purpose of study is to develop and validate a ULFI Spanish-version (ULFI-Sp). A total of 126 volunteers (4921years, 54.8% female) with a variety of upper limb conditions of >12weeks duration were recruited consecutively from the Physical Therapy Clinic at the Malaga University. Cite this article. Longitudinal Change of Treatment-Related Upper Limb Dysfunction and Its Impact on Late Dysfunction in Breast Cancer Survivors: A Prospective Cohort Study. ; Rapport, F.; Russell, I.T. Les valeurs du CDM se sont tablies 9,4/80 pour le questionnaire IFMS-20 et 8,8/100 pour le questionnaire IFMS-15. 01. Cutoff Criteria for Fit Indexes in Covariance Structure Analysis: Conventional Criteria versus New Alternatives. Psicothema 2013, 25: 151157. startxref The test-retest reliability was high at (r=0.93) with an individual range of 0.92 to 0.95. Spanish Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Validation of the Oslo Sports Trauma Research Centre (OSTRC) Overuse Injury Questionnaire in Handball Players. Intended Population The UEFI is intended for use in individuals with upper extremity (including the shoulder, elbow, wrist and hand) dysfunction of musculoskeletal origin. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20064997, Martn-Martn J, Pajares-Hachero B, Alba-Conejo E, Ribelles N, Cuesta-Vargas AI, Roldn-Jimnez C. Validation of the Upper Limb Functional Index on Breast Cancer Survivor. 0000074939 00000 n Before A refined content and validity analysis of the short form of the disabilities of the shoulder, arm and hand questionnaire in the strata of symptoms and function and specific joint conditions. A physiotherapist (CRJ) supervised the procedure. Le coefficient de corrlation intracatgorie (CCI) et le changement dtectable minimal (CDM) ont quantifi la fiabilit de testretest (moment 1moment 2). Morris LA, Miller DW. Correspondence to Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Science, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain, School of Clinical Science, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, Australia, Centre for Healthy Activities, Sport and Exercise, Faculty of Science, University of the Sunshine Coast Queensland, Sippy Downs, Australia, You can also search for this author in Jreskog KG, Srbom D: LISREL 8.80. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the The ULFI-Sp showed no missing responses and showed a high degree of internal consistency, as illustrated by the high Cronbach value (=0.94) with an individual item range of 0.92 to 0.96. Germann G, Harth A, Wind G, Demir E: Standardisation and validation of the German version 2.0 of the Disability of Arm, Shoulder, Hand (DASH) questionnaire (in German).